Scientific References

Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (SRMAs) are considered the highest quality in evidence-based guideline and policy development. 

Hierarchy of scientific evidence from lowest to highest quality of evidence

Nutrition-related SRMAs tend to focus on either clinical trials assessing disease risk factors, or observational studies (e.g. prospective cohort studies) assessing disease outcomes(e.g. incidence). 

Below is a list of scientific references on sugars and various health topics, focusing on SRMAs from the last 10 years. 

Additional resources:

A summary of SRMAs of clinical trials on fructose-containing sugars and chronic disease risk factors in the context of energy balance.

A walkthrough of the knowledge and skills needed to read and critically assess SRMAs, including a hands-on exercise and downloadable worksheet

A full list of the latest research publications on sugars and carbohydrates. To receive monthly emails on emerging sugars-related research, please complete the sign-up form, or contact flora.wang@sugar.ca


Behaviour, Cognition, and Mental Health 

Title Citation Type of Study
Meta-analysis of sugar-sweetened beverage intake and the risk of cognitive disorders. Liu H, et al. J Affect Disord. 2022 Sep 15;313:177-185. Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional & Cohort Studies
Effect of glucose and sucrose on cognition in healthy humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies. García CR et al. Nutr Rev. 2021 Jan 9;79(2):171-187. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Empirically derived dietary patterns and food groups intake in relation with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Shareghfarid E et al. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2020 Apr;36:28-35. SRMA of Observational Studies
Sugar addiction: the state of the science. Westwater ML, Fletcher PC, Ziauddeen H.Eur J Nutr. 2016 Jul 2. Narrative Review
The plausability of sugar addiction and its role in obesity and eating disorders Benton D. Clinical Nutrition. 2010;29:288-303. Narrative Review
The effect of sugar on behavior or cognition in children. A meta-analysis Wolraich ML et al. Journal of the American Medical Association 1995;274:1617-1621. Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials 

For more information, visit Sugars and Health – Cognition.  

Cancer

Title Citation Study Type
Association of sugar- sweetened beverages with the risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Feng L et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2023 Oct;77(10):941-952. SRMA of Observational Studies
Consumption of Sugar-sweetened Soft Drinks and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Jatho A et al. Oncology. 2023 Aug 31.  SRMA of Observational Studies
Consumption of Sweet Beverages and Cancer Risk. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Llaha F et al. Nutrients. 2021 Feb 4;13(2):516. SRMA of Observational Studies
Consumption of Sugars, Sugary Foods, and Sugary Beverages in Relation to Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies.  Makarem N, et al. Annual review of nutrition. 2018 May 25(0). Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
Food groups and risk of colorectal cancer.  Schwingshackl L, et al. International journal of cancer. 2018 May 1;142(9):1748-58. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Carbohydrates, glycemic index, glycemic load, and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies Aune D et al. Cancer Causes and Control 2012 Apr;23(4):521-35. SRMA of Cohort Studies

For more information, visit Sugars and Health - Cancer

Cardiovsacular Disease

Title Citation Study Type
Fructose-containing food sources and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials Lui Q et al. PLoS One. 2023 Aug;18(8):e0264802. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Sugar intake and risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort and cross-sectional studies Zhao Y et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023 May 23:1-12.  SRMA of Cohort Studies
Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review  Huang Y et al. BMJ. 2023 Apr 5;381.  Umbrella Review of SRMAs
The Relationship Between Major Food Sources of Fructose and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.   Sun T et al. Adv Nutr. 2023 Mar;14(2):256-269.  SRMA of Cohort Studies
Added Sugar, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings from the Women's Health Initiative and a Network Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Yang B et al. Nutrients. 2022 Oct 11;14(20):4226. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Association of added sugar intake with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: a systematic review of cohort studies. Song S, et al. Nutr Res Pract. 2022 May.  Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
Sweetened beverage consumption and risk of cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis Bhagavathula, AS. et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2022 Mar 15. SRMA of Cohort Studies
High versus low-added sugar consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease Bergwall S et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Jan 5. SRMA of Clinical Trials
[Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and artificially sweetened beverages and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis] Jiang YW et al. 2021 Sep 6;55(9):1159-1167. Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Effect of fructose instead of glucose or sucrose on cardiometabolic markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of isoenergetic intervention trials. Fattore E et al. Nutr Rev. 2021 Jan 9;79(2):209-226. SRMA of Clinical Trials
100% Fruit juice intake and cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective and randomised controlled studies. D'Elia L et al; SINU Working Group. Eur J Nutr. 2020 Nov 4. SRMA of Cohort Studies and Clinical Trials
Sugar-sweetened beverages increases the risk of hypertension among children and adolescence: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Farhangi MA et al. Transl Med. 2020 Sep 5;18(1):344. SRMA of Observational Studies
Intake of Sugar-Sweetened and Low-Calorie Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Yin J et al. Adv Nutr. 2020 Jul 22:nmaa084. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Carbohydrate quality, glycemic index, glycemic load and cardiometabolic risks in the US, Europe and Asia: A dose-response meta-analysis. Hardy DS et al. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Jun 9;30(6):853-871. SRMA of Observational Studies
Important Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Incident Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies Liu Q, et al. J Am Heart Assoc 2019. PMID 31826724 SRMA of Cohort Studies
Relation of Total Sugars, Sucrose, Fructose, and Added Sugars with the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Khan TA, et al. Mayo Clin Proc 2019. PMID 31806098 SRMA of Cohort Studies
Controversies about sugars: results from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on obesity, cardiometabolic disease and diabetes.  Khan TA and Sievenpiper JL. Eur J Nutr. 2016;55:25-43. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Effect of Fructose on Established Lipid Targets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Feeding Trials Chiavaroli L, et al. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015 Sep 10;4(9):e001700. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Dietary sugars and cardiometabolic risk: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of the effects on blood pressure and lipids Te Morenga LA et al. AJCN. 2014;100(1):65-79. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Effect of fructose on postprandial triglycerides: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials Wang D, et al. Atherosclerosis. 2014 Jan;232(1):125-33.  SRMA of Clinical Trials
Effect of fructose on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials Ha V, et al. Hypertension. 2012 Apr;59(4):787-95. SRMA of Clinical Trials

For more information, visit Sugars and Health - Cardiovsacular Disease

Consumption

Title Citation Study Type
Intakes of Added Sugars, with a Focus on Beverages and the Associations with Nutrient Adequacy in US Adults (NHANES 2003-2018). Ricciuto L et al. Nutrients. 2023 Sep 9;15(18):3916.  Cross-Sectional
Free sugar intake from snacks and beverages in Canadian preschool- and toddler-aged children: a cross-sectional study.   Yu J et al; Guelph Family Health Study. BMC Nutr. 2023 Mar 8;9(1):44.  Cross-Sectional
Trends in Loss-Adjusted Availability of Added Sugars and Energy Contribution from Macronutrients and Major Food Groups in Canada and the United States Wang YF et al. J Am Nutr Assoc. 2022 Jun 23;1-10. Availability Data
Intakes of nutrients and food categories in Canadian children and adolescents across levels of sugars intake: Cross-sectional 1 analyses of the Canadian Community Health Survey 2015 Public Use Microdata File. Chiavaroli L, et al. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2022 Jan. Cross-Sectional
Trends in Added Sugars Intake and Sources Among US Children, Adolescents, and Teens Using NHANES 2001–2018. Ricciuto L, et al. J Nutr. 2022 Feb 8;152(2):568-578. Cross-Sectional
Effects of Unsweetened Preloads and Preloads Sweetened with Caloric or Low-/No-Calorie Sweeteners on Subsequent Energy Intakes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Human Intervention Studies. Lee HY et al. Adv Nutr. 2021 Jul 30;12(4):1481-1499. SRMA of Clinical Trials
A Systematic Review of the Recent Consumption Levels of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in Children and Adolescents From the World Health Organization Regions With High Dietary-Related Burden of Disease. Ooi JY et al. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2021 May 20:10105395211014642 SRMA of Observational Studies
World trends in sugar-sweetened beverage and dietary sugar intakes in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Della Corte K et al. Nutr Rev. 2021 Feb 11;79(3):274-288. Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
Canadian Adults with Moderate Intakes of Total Sugars have Greater Intakes of Fibre and Key Micronutrients: Results from the Canadian Community Health Survey - Nutrition 2015 Public Use Microdata File.  Wang YF, et al. Nutrients. 2020 Apr 17;12(4):E1124. Cross-Sectional
Change in total sugars consumption among Canadian children and adults.  Langlois K, Garriguet D. Statistics Canada Health Reports. January 2019. Cross-Sectional
 Sugar-fat seesaw: A systematic review of the evidence.  Sadler et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55:338-356. Systematic Review of Observational Studies
A review of sugar consumption from nationally representative dietary surveys across the world. Newens KJ & Walton J. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. E-published 10 Oct 15. Review of Dietary Surveys
Worldwide trends in dietary sugars intake Wittekind A & Walton J. Nutrition Research Reviews 2014;27(2):330-345. Review of Dietary Surveys
 Consumption of added sugars is decreasing in the United States.  Welsh JA, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94:726-734. Cross-Sectional

For more information, visit Sugars Consumption in Canada

Dental Health

Title Citation Study Type
Sugar-sweetened beverages and periodontal disease: A systematic review. Gupta V et al. Oral Dis. 2023 Nov.  Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Free sugars and gingival inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Woelber JP et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2023 Sep.  SRMA of Clinical Trials
Free Sugar Intake and Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Kusama T et al. Nutrients. 2022 Oct 22;14(21):4444. Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Systematic Review of the Effect on Caries of Sugars Intake: Ten-Year Update. Moores, CJ. et al. J Dent Res. 2022 Mar 18.  Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Effect of sugar-sweetened beverages on oral health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Valenzuela MJ et al. Eur J Public Health. 2021 Feb 1;31(1):122-129. SRMA of Observational Studies
The consumption of processed sugar- and starch-containing foods, and dental caries: a systematic review. Hancock S et al. Eur J Oral Sci. 2020 Dec;128(6):467-475. Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
Sucrose and dental caries: a review of the evidence. Anderson CA, Curzon ME, Van Loveren C, et al. Obesity Reviews 2009;10(Suppl 1):41-54. Systematic Review of Observational Studies

For more information, visit Sugars and Health - Dental Health

Diabetes

Title Citation Study Type
Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages and fruit juices and risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: A meta-analysis.   Li B et al. Front Nutr. 2023 Mar 15;10:1019534.  SRMA of Prospective Studies
Dose-dependent effect of carbohydrate restriction for type 2 diabetes management: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Jayedi A, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 May 10.  SRMA of Clinical Trials
Dietary carbohydrate and the risk of type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies Hosseini F et al. Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 15;12(1):2491. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Alterations in sweet taste function in adults with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and potential implications Tan SY et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Dec 14:1-13. Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Effect of low glycaemic index or load dietary patterns on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Chiavaroli L, et al. BMJ. 2021 Aug 4;374:n1651. SRMA of Clinical Trials
International tables of glycemic index and glycemic load values 2021: a systematic review. Atkinson FS et al. J.Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jul 13:nqab233. Systematic Review 
Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and chronic disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. Jayedi A et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020 Dec 1:1-10. Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Cohort Studies 
Relation of total sugars, fructose and sucrose with incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Tsilas SC et al. CMAJ. 2017;189:E711-20. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Controversies about sugars: results from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on obesity, cardiometabolic disease and diabetes Khan TA, Sievenpiper JL. Eur J Nutr. 2016 Nov 30. Results from SRMAs
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction. Imamura F, et al. Br J Sports Med 2016;50:496–504. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Glycemic index, glycemic load, carbohydrates, and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies Greenwood DC, et al. Diabetes Care. 2013 Dec;36(12):4166-71. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Effect of Fructose on Glycemic Control in Diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials Cozma A, et al. Diabetes Care. 2012 Jul;35(7):1611-20. SRMA of Clinical Trials

For more information, visit Sugars and Health - Type 2 Diabetes

Liver Health

Title Citation Study Type
Meta-analysis of the association between major foods with added fructose and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Liu W et al. Food Funct. 2023 Jun 19;14(12):5551-5561 SRMA of Observational Studies
Association between non-nutritive sweetener consumption and liver enzyme levels in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.   Golzan SA et al. Nutr Rev. 2023 Jan 9:nuac107.  SRMA of Clinical Trials
Important Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials Lee, D, et al. Nutrients. 2022 Jul 12;14(14):2846. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: The Role of Diet in the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Tsompanaki E et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Nov. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Potential link between excess added sugar intake and ectopic fat: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Ma J et al. Nutr Rev. 2016;74(1)18-32. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Effect of fructose on markers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials. Chiu S et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014;68(4):416-423. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Fructose, high-fructose corn syrup, sucrose, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or indexes of liver health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chung M et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100(3):833-849. SRMA of Observational Studies and Clinical Trials

For more information, visit Sugars and Health - Liver Health

Physical Activity 

Title Citation Study Type
Maltodextrin-Based Carbohydrate Oral Rinsing and Exercise Performance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Hartley, C. et al. Sports Med. 2022 Mar 3. SRMA of Clinical Trials
The Effect of Carbohydrate Intake on Strength and Resistance Training Performance: A Systematic Review Henselmans M et al. Nutrients. 2022 Feb 18;14(4):856. Systematic Review of Clinical Trials
The Effect of Consuming Carbohydrate With and Without Protein on the Rate of Muscle Glycogen Re-synthesis During Short-Term Post-exercise Recovery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Craven J et al. Sports Med Open. 2021 Jan 28;7(1):9 SRMA of Clinical Trials
The Effects of Sports Drinks During High-Intensity Exercise on the Carbohydrate Oxidation Rate Among Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Li X et al Front Physiol. 2020 Dec 11;11:574172. SRMA of Clinical Trials
The Effect of Ingesting Carbohydrate and Proteins on Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Kloby Nielsen LL et al.Nutrients. 2020 May 20;12(5):E1483 SRMA of Clinical Trials
Carbohydrates and exercise performance in non-fasted athletes: A systematic review of studies mimicking real-life Colombani PC et al. Nutr J 2013 Jan 28;12:16. Systematic Review of Invervention Studies
Nutrition and Athletic Performance: Joint Position Paper Dietitians of Canada, American College of Sports Medicine, American Dietetic Association. Medicine & Science in Sports Exercise 2009;41:709-731 Position Paper

For more information, visit Sugars and Health - Physical Activity

Weight Management

Title Citation Study Type
Substitution of sugar-sweetened beverages with non-caloric alternatives and weight change: A systematic review of randomized trials and meta-analysis. Tobiassen PA et al. Obes Rev. 2023 Oct 25.  SRMA of Clinical Trials
Important food sources of fructose-containing sugars and adiposity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials. Chiavaroli L et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Feb 23.  SRMA of Clinical Trials
Association between Food, Beverages and Overweight/Obesity in Children and Adolescents-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Jakobsen DD, Brader L, Bruun JM. Nutrients. 2023 Feb 2.  SRMA of Observational Studies
Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and weight gain in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Nguyen M et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Jan;117(1):160-174.  SRMA of Cohort Studies and Clinical Trials
Sugar sweetened beverages intake and risk of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in longitudinal studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis with 1.5 million individuals. Santos LP et al. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2022 Oct;51:128-142. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Sugar-sweetened beverages intake and the risk of obesity in children: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis Abbasalizad Farhangi M, et al. Pediatr Obes. 2022 Apr 24. SRMA of Observational Studies
Association of Low- and No-Calorie Sweetened Beverages as a Replacement for Sugar-Sweetened Beverages With Body Weight and Cardiometabolic Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis McGlynn, ND. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Mar 1. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Fruit juice and childhood obesity: a review of epidemiologic studies Sakaki JR et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022 Feb 28:1-15 SRMA of Observational Studies
The association between Sugars Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) and lipid profile among children and youth: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Nikniaz L et al. Pediatr Obes. 2021 Feb 24:e12782. SRMA of Observational Studies
Association between sugar-sweetened beverages and waist circumference in adult populations: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Ardeshirlarijani E et al. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Feb;41:118-125. Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages and risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and all-cause mortality: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Qin P et al. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020 Jun 11. Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Potential link between excess added sugar intake and ectopic fat: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials Ma J et al. Nutr Rev. 2016 Jan;74(1):18-32. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Sugar and obesity: Is it the sugars or the calories? Choo VL et al. Nutrition Bulletin. 2015;40(2):88-96. Results from SRMAs
Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies Te Morenga L et al. BMJ. 2013 Jan 15;346:e7492. SRMA of Clinical Trials and Cohort Studies
Effect of fructose on body weight in controlled feeding trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis Sievenpiper JL, et al. Ann Intern Med. 2012 Feb 21;156(4):291-304.  SRMA of Clinical Trials 

For more information, visit Sugars and Health - Overweight and Obesity

Other Health Topics

Study Topic Title Citation Type of Study
Inflammation Effect of Important Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars on Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Feeding Trials Qi X, et al. Nutrients. 2022; 14(19):3986. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Effect of Dietary Sugar Intake on Biomarkers of Subclinical Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies Corte Della KW et al. Nutrients. 2018;10(5):606.  SRMA of Clinical Trials
Metabolic Syndrome Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption increases the risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults: Consistent and robust evidence from an umbrella review. Tran QD et al. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Oct.  Umbrella Review of SRMAs
Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and the Risk of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.   Muñoz-Cabrejas A. Nutrients. 2023 Jan 13;15(2):430.  SRMA of Observational Studies
Metabolism Impact of isocaloric exchanges of carbohydrate for fat on postprandial glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and free fatty acid responses - a systematic review and meta-analysis Kdekian A, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020. PMID 31767988 SRMA of Clinical Trials
Effect of fructose and its epimers on postprandial carbohydrate metabolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Braunstein CR et al. Clin Nutr. 2020 Mar 10. S0261-5614(20)30104-7. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Mortality  The Dose-Response Associations of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake with the Risk of Stroke, Depression, Cancer, and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies Wang Y et al. Nutrients. 2022 Feb 12;14(4):777.  SRMA of Cohort Studies
Association of soft drink and 100% fruit juice consumption with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases mortality, and cancer mortality: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Pan B, Ge L et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Jun 13:1-12. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Association between intake of sweetened beverages with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Li H et al. J Public Health (Oxf). 2021 Apr 9:fdab069. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Association of Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages or Artificially Sweetened Beverages with Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Zhang YB et al. Adv Nutr. 2021 Mar 31;12(2):374-383. SRMA of Cohort Studies
The relationship between major food sources of fructose and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies Kazemi A et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Nov 30:1-14. SRMA of Cohort Studies
Uric Acid Different Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Fasting Blood Uric Acid Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Feeding Trials Ayoub-Charette S et al. J Nutr. 2021 Jun 4:nxab144. SRMA of Clinical Trials
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and serum uric acid concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis Ebrahimpour-Koujan S et al. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2020 Jul 19. SRMA of Observational Studies
The effects of fructose intake on serum uric acid vary among controlled dietary trials Wang D, et al. J Nutr. 2012 May;142(5):916-23. SRMA of Clinical Trials

For more information, visit Sugars and Health